Adverbs

• Most adjectives add –ly   f.i. cheap-cheaply/ beautiful- beautifully
• If the adjective ends in -y, replace the y with i and add –ly    f.i. happy- happily
• If the adjective ends in -ic, add -ally.    F.i. heroic- heroically
• Some –ly adverbs (related to manner/ frequency) have the same form as adjectives: early, daily, weekly, monthly and yearly.
• Some adjectives have the same form as adverbs: fast.
• Special form: good-well
• Other adjectives in –ly do not have an adverbial form and we put the adjective in an adverbial phrase: cowardly, disorderly, friendly, jolly, leisurely, lively, timely. F.i. in a friendly way/ fashion/ manner.

Some adverbs have two forms, one with –ly and one without, the meanings are sometimes close and sometimes unrelated.

Wrong versus wrongly

 

Wrong suggests that something bad has happened.   It all went wrong.
Wrongly  means by mistake.   I wrongly accused you.

Late versus lately

 

Late  means beyond the expected time.   John arrived late 
Lately means recently.    He’s been studying a lot lately.

Hard versus hardly

Hard means with a lot of effort.  She works hard.
Hardly means  almost not at all.    You have hardly touched your dinner.

High versus highly

High means vertical distance.  The balloon flew high over the house.
Highly means very.   Crocodiles are highly dangerous.

Near versus nearly

Near means within a short distance. Don't walk near the edge of the cliff.
Nearly means almost. You nearly fell.

Just versus justly

Just means a short time before. I’ve just told you.

Justly means fairly. Were they treated justly?

 

Extreme adjectives

Adjective	Extreme adjective
Big	Enormous, huge, gigantic
Angry	Furious
Bad	Awful, terrible
clean	Spotless
cold	Freezing
crowded	Packed
dirty	filthy
pretty	Gorgeous
Scary	Terrifying
Good	Wonderful, fantastic, excellent, brilliant, superb
small	tiny
Hot	Boiling
interesting	fascinating
surprising	Astounding
sad	miserable
ugly	hideous
tired	exhausted
wet	soaking
old	ancient
Important	essential
great	Spectacular, amazing, outstanding
hungry	Starving
funny	Hilarious

Easter revision 1 Batx

Verbal tenses links

verbal tenses revision
verbal tenses revision 2

Modal verbs

1. He ___________________ bring his CD player to the party. We’ve already got one.
2. I _______________ remember to buy some new shampoo tomorrow.
3. It__________________________  rain in the desert sometimes, but you can't depend on it.
4. You __________________ ride a motorbike without wearing a helmet.
5. We ______________ arrive at school before 8 every morning.
6. Laila ________________________ not swim when she was one year old.
7. I’m not sure where Gary is. He ___________________ be at the library.
8. ‘I’m flying to Seville tomorrow.’      ‘You _____________ remember to take your passport this time!’
9. They ________________ meet us at the airport. We’re going to get a taxi into town.
10. Don’t worry. You _______________________dress formally for the party.
11. This dog _______________________belong to Harry. It’s got his address on its collar.
12. Only authorised personnel __________________________enter this area.
13. Fortunately, he __________________________ convince the police that he was innocent.
14. You ________________ talk during the exam.
15.  You look tired.  You ______________________take some sleep.
16. __________________ I enter the class Ms. Robins?

  
Rewrite these sentences with the words in brackets
 
 Jack left only some minutes ago (just)
_______________________________________________
 It's possible that he is writing his composition (may)
 _______________________________________________
The last time I met Sarah was two months ago (for)
 _______________________________________________
Do you know how to drive a lorry? (can)
   ______________________________________________
James forgot his glasses. He couldn't watch the film. (because)
 _______________________________________________
They started printing the magazine in 2010 (since)
 _______________________________________________
She is going to rest between 2 and 4.  (at 3)
 _______________________________________________
Although it was raining, he decided to go for a walk. (despite)
_______________________________________________


Relative clauses

She works for a man. The man used to be very famous marathon runner.
 _______________________________________________
James found the keys. I had lost them the previous day.
 _______________________________________________
 The London Eye is a very popular landmark. It's visited by thousands of people every day.
 _______________________________________________
The film is about a spy. His best friend betrays him.
_______________________________________________
The hotel is surrounded by mountains. They are staying there.
_______________________________________________
My neighbour was very noisy yesterday night. He's usually very calm.
 _______________________________________________

    
Answers

Modal verbs exercise
 

1. Doesn't have to/ needn't
2. have to/must
3. may/might/could
4. mustn't
5. must/ have to
6. could
7. may/might/could
8. must/have to
9. can't
10. don't have to/needn't
11. must
12. can
13. could
14. mustn't
15. should
16. May 

 Rewrite exercise
 

Jack has just left.
He may be writing his composition.
I haven't met Sarah for two months
Can you drive a lorry?
James couldn't watch the film because he had forgotten his glasses.
The have printed/ have been printing the magazine since 2010.
She will be resting at 3.
Despite the rain, he decided to go for a walk.   

Relative clauses
 
She works for a man who/that used to be a very famous marathon runner.
James found the keys I had lost the previous day.
The London Eye, which is visited by thousands of people every day, is a very popular landmark.
The ilm is about a spy whose best friend betrays him.
The hotel where they are staying is surrounded by mountains.
My neighbour, who is usually very calm, was very noisy yesterday night.     

4th ESO revision Unit 6 (passive, verbal tenses, reflexive pronouns and each other and indefinite pronouns)

Passive voice

1. My brother made this kite yesterday.
2. They grow coffee in Kenya.
3. A crocodile bit him in 1973.
4. The Romans built the bridge 2000 years ago.
5.  They sent Pam an invitation for the party.
6. They'll serve you lunch on the plane.
7. They will tell the results next week
8. Children open these bottles easily

2 Fill in the gaps with the correct verbal tense.

1. My life is so boring -- I …………………………… (watch) TV every night.
2. Watch out! This car ………………………………… (explode) any minute.
3. We ………………………… (have)this TV set since 1968, and it still works!
4. It ……………………………… (snow)quite hard — perhaps we shouldn't go out tonight.
5.  I ………………………………………… (wear)these boots to go hiking yesterday.
6. This wine …………………………………… (be) in the cellar for 15 years. When we take it out and open it, it will taste beautiful!
7. It ……………………………………… (rain)almost every day in Manchester.
8. The telephone is ringing. I ………………………………… (answer)!
9. They were amazed. They ………………………………………… (hear,never) of this song.
10. Mike ………………………………… (move) to New Jersey next month.

Exercise 3

Reflexive pronouns or each other?
Reflexive pronouns or each other 2? 

Exercise 4

1 indefinte pronouns 
2 indefinite pronouns 



Answers photocopy in class (passive voice)

1. This house was built in the 18th century
2. The kitchen will be painted tomorrow.
3. She was told some terrible news by James.
4. The housework is done at the weekend by Jane.
5. A stone was thrown to our window.
6. The flowers are watered every day by my mother.
7. The hal will be redecorated next month by Mark.
8. The old car was sold yesterday by Sarah.
9. Pam's party wil be organised next week by Tom.    

ANSWERS

Exercise 1

1. This kite was made yesterday by my brother
2. Coffee is grown in Kenya
3. He was bitten in 1973 by a crocodile
4. The bridge was built 2000 years ago by the Romans
5. Pam was sent an invitation for the party
6. You will be served lunch on the plane
7. The results will be told next week
8. These bottles are opened easily by children

Exercise 2

1. watch
2. is going to explode
3. have had
4. is snowing
5. wore
6. has been
7. rains
8. will answer
9. had never heard
10. is moving/ is going to move

1st Batx February exam (till gerunds and infinitives)

Relative sentences

http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/relative-clauses-exercise-4.html

1. A bomb caused a lot of damage. It went off this morning
2. A scientist has won the Nobel Prize. He discovered a new planet
3. The bus is late. I’m waiting for it.
4. George is the company director. He had an argument with Colin.
5.  Put it back in the drawer when you've finished. You took it from it
6. Zedco has 10.000employees. It is an international company.
7. The plane was twenty-five years old. It crashed.
8. Jane was terribly upset. Her dog was run over.

 Infinitive or gerund

1. We are always happy ...............................(help).
2. We are really excited about ...........................(climb) that mountain.
3. He promised ................................ (finish) his chores.
4. I advised her ................................ (have) some soup.
5. He is responsible for ................................ (paint) all the buildings.
6. They avoid ................................ (visit) us.
7. They decided ................................ (cook) some rice. 
8. He started ................................ (shout) at his friends.
9. It was difficult  ................................ (obtain) his permission.
10. My memories of  ................................ (travel) are well recorded in my albums.
11. I don't mind ................................ (go) with you.
12. She can't help................................  (be) so charming.
13. We hope ........................................(be) ready soon.
14.  They stopped .................................... (fight) when the police arrived.
15.  They plan ..................................(serve) hot dogs at the party.
16.  He denied ...........................(take) the car.
17.  I promised you .........................(take care) of Jonathan.
18.  I can't imagine ...................................... (work) at home.
19. Remember .........................................(post) the letter tomorrow.
20. I can't stand ....................................(get) up early int he mornings.
21. That film made me .................................(cry) a lot.

Answers


Relative sentences

1. The bomb that/which went off this morning caused a lot of damage.
2. The scientist that/ who discovered a new planet has won the Nobel prize.
3. The bus I'm wating for is late
4. George, who had an argument with Colin, is the company director.
5. Put it back in the drawer you took it from when you've finished.
6. Zedco, which is an international company, has 10.000 employees.
7. The plane that/ which crashed was 25 years old.
8. Jane,  whose dog was run over, was terribly upset. 
   
   
   Infinive or gerund?
   1. to help
   2. climbing
   3. to finish
   4. to have
   5. painting
   6. visiting
   7. to cook
   8. to shout/shouting
   9. to obtain
   10. travelling
   11. going
   12. being
   13. to be
   14. fighting
   15. to serve
   16. taking
   17. to take care
   18. working
   19. to post
   20. getting
   21. cry